Fluidization of 241 balls in a "2D" bed

Here we present 3D numerical results of fluidization of 241 balls in a very thin rectangular cylinder, a "2D" bed, by a distributed Lagrange multipliers/fictitious domain method.

Geometry, parameters, initial and boundary conditions:

• The x, y and z dimensions of rectangular cylinder are 3.2, 9.6, and 0.32 inches repectively.
• Balls are initially located at given positions at the bottom of rectangular cylinder.
• Radii of 241 balls are 0.125 inch.
• The density of balls is 1.14.
• The density of fluid is 1.
• The viscosity of fluid is 0.01.
• At the beginning, fluid and balls are at rest.

• Initial position at t=0.
• In-flow magnitute is U=2.
• Ball position at t=0.5.
• Ball position at t=1.
• Ball position at t=1.5.
• In-flow magnitute is U=3.
• Ball position at t=1.
• Ball position at t=2.
• Ball position at t=4.